The Human (ARHGEF2) Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 2 ELISA Kit measures Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 2 in samples. The plate has been pre-coated with Human ARHGEF2 antibody. ARHGEF2 present in the sample is added and binds to antibodies coated on the wells. And then biotinylated Human ARHGEF2 Antibody is added and binds to ARHGEF2 in the sample. Then Streptavidin-HRP is added and binds to the Biotinylated ARHGEF2 antibody. After incubation unbound Streptavidin-HRP is washed away during a washing step. Substrate solution is then added and color develops in proportion to the amount of Human ARHGEF2. The reaction is terminated by addition of acidic stop solution and absorbance is measured at 450 nm.
BackgroundActivates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed: 9857026. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Required for RHOA and RIP2 dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S.flexneri cell invasion. Involved not only in sensing peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides through NOD1 that is independent of its GEF activity, but also in the activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins (IpgB2 and OspB) which requires its GEF activity and the activation of RhoA. Involved in innate immune signaling transduction pathway promoting cytokine IL6/interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha secretion in macrophage upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans; acts as a signaling intermediate between NOD2 receptor and RIPK2 kinase. Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of RIPK2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2. Overexpression activates Rho-, but not Rac-GTPases, and increases paracellular permeability (By similarity). Involved in neuronal progenitor cell division and differentiation (PubMed: 28453519). Involved in the migration of precerebellar neurons (By similarity). Source: UniProt Consortium (2025)
