Plant ABA (Abscisic Acid) ELISA Kit

Plant GA (Gibberellic Acid) ELISA Kit

Plant SA (Salicylic Acid) ELISA Kit

Plant JA (Jasmonic Acid) ELISA Kit

Abscisic Acid (ABA), Gibberellic Acid (GA), Salicylic Acid (SA), and Jasmonic Acid (JA) and their roles in stress signaling and applications in agriculture & biotechnology.

🌿1. Abscisic Acid (ABA) - Plant ABA (Abscisic Acid) ELISA Kit

Role in Stress Signaling

• ABA is one of the central stress-responsive phytohormones that integrates environmental signals into adaptive responses. It increases under abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, cold, and flooding (Khan et al., 2025).
• It is best known for inducing stomatal closure to reduce water loss, modulating gene expression via ABA-responsive transcription factors, and orchestrating osmotic stress responses (Hewage et al., 2020).
• ABA functions through specific receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) that trigger downstream signaling networks, leading to changes in ion fluxes, antioxidant activity, and stress-responsive transcriptional reprogramming (Hewage et al., 2020).

Application in Agriculture & Biotechnology

• Crop stress tolerance engineering: Manipulating ABA biosynthesis/signaling (e.g., overexpressing key pathway genes, receptors, or transcription factors) can enhance drought and salinity tolerance (Khan et al., 2025).
• Chemical priming: Use of ABA analogs or activators can pre-condition plants to respond more robustly to impending stress, reducing yield loss (Xiong, L. et al., 2003)
• Biotech screening assays: ABA measurement is used to phenotype stress resilience in breeding programs.

🌱 2. Gibberellic Acid (GA) - Plant GA (Gibberellic Acid) ELISA Kit

Role in Stress Signaling

• GA primarily promotes growth processes (stem elongation, seed germination) but also interacts with stress pathways to modulate growth vs survival trade-offs (Khan et al., 2025), (Shu, K. et al., 2018)
• Under stress, GA signaling often antagonizes ABA, balancing growth restraint (ABA) with recovery/growth (GA) (Shu, K. et al., 2018).
• Crosstalk with other hormones fine-tunes responses: e.g., GA can influence SA levels under certain stress conditions, contributing to antioxidant responses (Emamvertdian, A. et al.,2020).

Application in Agriculture & Biotechnology

• Seed vigor and emergence: Exogenous GA treatments are used commercially to improve germination under sub-optimal conditions (Emamvertdian, A. et al.,2020).
• Genetic manipulation of GA pathways (e.g., DELLA proteins) helps balance stress tolerance and yield by modulating growth restraint under stress.

🔥 3. Salicylic Acid (SA) - Plant SA (Salicylic Acid) ELISA Kit

Role in Stress Signaling

• SA is a key signal in biotic stress responses, especially against pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses); it activates pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) (Khan et al., 2025).
• SA also contributes to abiotic stress tolerance by enhancing antioxidant defenses and controlling reactive oxygen species (Emamvertdian, A. et al., 2020).
• Crucially, SA has antagonistic interactions with JA, helping coordinate defense outputs depending on stress type (Myers, R.J. et al., 2023).

Application in Agriculture & Biotechnology

• Disease resistance priming: Foliar application of SA or analogs (e.g., BTH) is used to prime crop defenses before pathogen outbreaks.
• Marker trait for breeding: SA signaling components (e.g., NPR1) are targets in breeding for enhanced biotic resistance.

⚔️ 4. Jasmonic Acid (JA) - Plant JA (Jasmonic Acid) ELISA Kit

Role in Stress Signaling

• JA is central to wound responses and defense against herbivory; it rapidly accumulates upon damage and activates downstream defense genes (Khan et al., 2025).
• It also plays roles in abiotic stress responses and interacts with ABA and SA pathways to integrate complex signals (Myers, R.J. et al., 2023).JA and SA can work antagonistically or synergistically, depending on stress context, tuning defense intensity and specificity (Myers, R.J. et al., 2023).

Application in Agriculture & Biotechnology

• Priming for pest resistance: Exogenous jasmonates or their derivatives can induce defense metabolite accumulation in crops.
• Crop protection strategies: Breeding or engineering for optimized JA signaling enhances herbivore resistance while balancing growth and defense.

🔄 Hormonal Crosstalk: Key Insights

The review highlights that none of these hormones act in isolation—their signaling networks are deeply interconnected, with extensive crosstalk that dynamically reallocates metabolic resources depending on stress type and developmental stage (Khan et al., 2025).

• ABA–GA interactions help balance growth vs stress responses (Shu, K. et al., 2018).
• SA–JA antagonism determines priority between pathogen defense vs wounding responses (Myers, R.J. et al., 2023).
• Integrated signaling enables fine-tuned adjustment of physiological processes, from stomatal control to systemic defense gene activation (Khan et al., 2025).

📌 Practical Takeaways for Agriculture & Biotech

References

1. Emamvertdian, A., et al. (2020). The role of salicylic acid and gibberellin signaling in plant responses to abiotic stress with an emphasis on heavy metals. Plant Signal Behav. 15(7):1777372. 10.1080/15592324.2020.1777372.
2. Hewage, K.A., et al. (2020). Chemical Manipulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling: A New Approach to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Agriculture. Advanced Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202001265
3. Khan, A., et al. (2025). Decoding Phytohormone Signaling in Plant Stress Physiology. Experimental Cell Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2025.113456
4. Myers, R.J., (2023). Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid modulate systemic reactive oxygen species signaling during stress responses. Plant Physiology. 12;191(2):862-873. 10.1093/plphys/kiac449.
5. Shu, K. et al., (2018). Abscisic Acid and Gibberellins Antagonistically Mediate Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Responses. Frontiers Plant Science, 9. doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00416